Peeling is a dermato-cosmetic method used in order to remove dead cells from skin surface to stimulate the function of the deeper layers. Most techniques do not change dramatically dermis architecture as acts especially in the skin (superficial layer of skin), but there are more aggressive methods which can change even the structure of proteins skin.
Peelings (also gomaj term) can be classified in 2 categories, depending on action: mechanical and chemical.
Mechanical peeling uses the exfoliating action of the granules and abrasive particles contained in various natural creams and masks that the easy and superficial massage removes dead cells from the skin.
Chemical peel however, is based on the application on the skin of a liquid chemical solutions or with a consistency similar to cream. After implementing the solution, allow time to penetrate into the skin. Subsequently, 1 to 4 days, depending on ability to penetrate skin structures (that is its own each creams), epidermis begin the puff.
The purpose of this procedure is to destroy and remove in a controlled manner and under the supervision of specialists, parts of damaged skin to accelerate skin regeneration. Chemicals belonging to the category of exfoliating. Also, chemicals used in the chemical peel differ depending on the depth of effective action, and depending on the chemical nature of the solution that are based on.
Among the factors that influence the ability of tissue penetration by chemicals include: the degree of acidity of the agent gomaj, number of coats applied and time to action, before the acid to be neutralized. But should be considered that risks associated deep treatment that the patient needs to know, is more painful, and recovery and healing period is longer.
Types of chemical peeling
There are three major types gomaj:
Superficial peeling - Is the easiest form of peeling and has the advantage can be achieved for all skin types. This method uses a weak acid (diluted, most times it is glycolic acid). In some selected cases may also be used dry ice (solid carbon dioxide).
Peeling moderate or medium - Materials used in this type are able to penetrate deeper into skin than those used in the peel surface and causes second degree burns. Substances are often involved trichloroacetic acid or no version in which a patient is a superficial peeling performed with other agents in may gentle, and then apply trichloroacetic acid.
Peel deep - Cause he emergence of second-degree burns, but different substances are used, in this case preference is application-based solutions phenols. Such gomaj presents a series of contraindications, such as dark skin (because of the hypopigmentation that we have used substances). This effect is manifested even in the case of light-colored skin (and is an important side effects that must be acknowledged to the patient before treatment application). Deep peeling treatment is to be applied one time and with maximum caution because of side effects has (appearance of stains that will not disappear). This method is reserved only for people with serious skin problems and should only be performed by a dermatologists.
Preparation
Your dermatologist is advised to recommend the patient what type of peeling and suits, and that is the solution most appropriate for use in case of each, considering the type of skin to be treated, the area to be repaired, the results expected and the risks that the patient is willing to assume. To help the patient to decide and to help them understand what means peel and to be the result of this procedure, the doctor may do a spot test in applying the treatment on a limited area and less visible in the skin concerned. The spot test is recommended especially for people with dark skin.
The patient should begin to prepare for the dermato-cosmetic procedure by 3-4 weeks in advance by a special and preferential treatment of skin, focused on cleaning and hydration (2 times a day washing and applying a special cream after each cleaning). Also, besides moisturizer is recommended to use daily, all season, has a sun protection factor creams. There are cases where, to accelerate healing, recommended daily use of a cream or ointment on the basis of tretinoin (Vitamin A-- retinol), A substance with guidance in acne treatment. The purpose of this procedure for skin really is to facilitate more complete exfoliation of the layers, to promote healing after gomaj and also may reduce the risk of infection post-treatment and other complications, especially the appearance of spots colored or other modifications of pigmentation in the area that applies gomajul. There are situations, such as peeling of moderate intensity or the deep, in which prevention can be given and a antiviralUsually acyclovir.
Engineering
Superficial peeling - Previous peeling skin is clean well. Then, on a perfectly clean skin apply chemical (usually in the form of liquid or pasty). Application should be uniform and be done with a special brush or a cotton applicator. Substance to leave a few minutes to act - time is set depending on the chemical nature of the product used. After time passed, the chemical reaction can be stopped by neutralizing the acid with water or alcohol. Then skin is easy to dab a cotton towel or a soft material. The patient may feel a slight burning sensation unpleasant while it lasts gomaj product on the skin, it can be improved with a fan.
Average peel - The technique used to achieve an average peeling asemantoare is in many ways to that of a superficial peeling, major difference consisting in the solution during contact with the skin, which in this case is higher. Medium peelings can be more painful because substances act more aggressively and more deeply on the skin. To reduce the painful sensation can be given analgesics or even sedatives oral (and share them with anxiolytic and to relax the patient during the procedure). To calm the burning sensation of the skin (which is an unpleasant side effects, but relatively frequent) may apply cold compresses on that surface. The whole process takes about 40 minutes, and at the end or the patient feels no pain at all.
Peel deep - Of the 3 types available for now peeling, the deep is the most painful and more time consuming. Also, in the superficial gomajului techniques based on phenols are even more complicated and involve more risks than the rest.
The patient may receive an oral sedative or analgesic early intervention. Administration is by injection, usually intravenously. There are situations where it is indicated the achievement of general anesthesia. Another measure necessary during deep peel is connected to a monitor for tracking patient permanently of vital functions, and catching a venous access that will be administered saline infusion throughout the procedure. Patient infusion is necessary because of marked systemic toxicity of phenols, this being particularly evident at high doses, while absorbing toxic body is important. Administration of infusion solutions is not indicated if only a small area of peeling interested!
After a thorough cleaning of the skin area, there would be chemical, then a time will be left in contact with the skin to act. Peeling is not the whole area at the same time, but gradually. Thus, after some of the affected skin is treated, it goes to another area, but only after a break of 15 minutes (otherwise the systemic accumulation of phenols exceeds the capacity of the body metabolism and adverse effects will be installed very quickly).
Already treated area can be rubbed with a special cream to correct other coexisting skin problems. These creams can be cleaned by washing with plenty of water after 24 hours and then can reapply, if necessary, or if the intended effect of late to appear.
During a deep peeling sessions depends on the extent of treatment and may take between 60 - 90 minutes.